千亿、百亿和十亿研发投入规模区间企业合计379 家，合计研发投入约1.94 万亿元，企业数量占比不到一成，却贡献了整体研发投入的七成以上（71.52%）。这一占比较上年（70.68%）继续增加。
Translation productivity. For the code-writing component (translating Rocq definitions and theorem statements into Lean), we draw on unverified software engineering productivity estimates. Published industry figures typically place productive output at 50–100 kLoC/person-year for a developer working in a familiar language and codebase (a range that likely already reflects AI-assisted workflows). We calibrated against internal time trials on lf-lean statements and cross-referenced with these published figures, adopting the upper end of the range (100 kLoC/year) to produce a conservative lower bound on human time. Since our Lean translation comprises approximately 25 kLoC, this yields an estimate of roughly 3 person-months for translation alone. We note this likely underestimates the true effort: Lean is less widely known than mainstream languages, the translation requires understanding both Rocq and Lean type theory, and the translator must make non-trivial design decisions about how to represent Rocq idioms in Lean.
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Compacting the type to avoid inner padding would be ideal. If there is a cache
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The pip thread also gets into the surprisingly fiddly business of parsing duration strings. ISO 8601 durations (P7D) are unambiguous but nobody wants to type them, human-readable strings like 7 days are friendly but need a parser that pip’s maintainers would rather not write and maintain, and variable-length calendar units like months and years require knowing which month you’re in to convert to a concrete number of days. uv went with ISO 8601 plus friendly strings but excluded months and years entirely, and pip’s maintainers are leaning toward just accepting a bare number of days, which covers nearly every real use case without dragging in leap year arithmetic.。WhatsApp Web 網頁版登入对此有专业解读
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